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| Williame Asterly |
عرض دراسة
المستبد العادل - Benevolent autocrats
لويليام إيستيرلي Williame Asterly
الأستاذ في جامعة نيويورك ومتخصص في النمو الاقتصادي.
الأستاذ في جامعة نيويورك ومتخصص في النمو الاقتصادي.
الديكتاتور العادل أو المستبد المستير مصطلحات مختلفة لفكرة سياسية وهي أن النظم الاستبدادية أفضل وسيلة لتحقيق النمو السريع.
هل فعلا تدعم الدراسات هذا التحليل.
هذا ما سنراه من خلال بحث لويليام إيستيرلي الأستاذ في جامعة نيويورك ومتخصص في النمو الاقتصادي.
ملخص الدراسة بقلم ويليام إيستيرلي.
Benevolent Autocrats
William Easterly
NYU, NBER, BREAD
May 2011
Abstract: Benevolent autocrats are leaders in non-democratic polities who receive credit for high
growth.
This paper asks two questions:
(1) do theory and evidence support the concept of “benevolent
autocrats”?
(2) Regardless of the answer to (1), why is the “benevolent autocrats” story so popular?
This
paper’s answer to (1) is no.
Most theories of autocracy portray it as a system of strategic interactions
rather than simply the unconstrained preferences of the leader.
The principal evidence for benevolent vs.
malevolent autocrats is the higher variance of growth under autocracy than under democracy.
However,
the variance of growth within the terms of leaders swamps the variance across leaders, and more so under
autocracy than under democracy.
The empirical variance of growth literature has identified many
correlates of autocracy as equally plausible determinants of high growth variance.
The growth effects of
exogenous leader transitions under autocracy are too small and temporary to provide much support for
benevolent autocrats.
This paper addresses question (2) by analyzing the political economy of
development ideas that makes benevolent autocrats a politically convenient concept.
It also identifies
cognitive biases that would tend to bias perceptions in favor of benevolent autocrats.
The answers to (2)
do not logically disqualify the benevolent autocrats story, but combined with (1) they suggest much
greater skepticism about many claims for benevolent autocrats.
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